Knowing and understanding these phrases is an essential tool for the correct interpretation and application of law

Full article

Key Latin expressions for a lawyer

Latin has long been the language of law, providing terms and expressions that are fundamental pillars in the legal field. Despite their antiquity, these Latin phrases remain vital in contemporary legal practice, providing specific meanings and precisions that every lawyer must understand and employ appropriately in his or her practice.

"Habeas Corpus" - "May you have your body".

This term, "Habeas Corpus", is perhaps one of the most recognised Latin expressions in the legal field. It refers to a legal remedy that protects against arbitrary or unlawful detention by requiring that the detained individual be brought before a court to determine the legality of his or her imprisonment. Habeas corpus" guarantees a person's right to know the reasons for their detention and to seek their release if it is unlawful or unjust.

"Prima Facie" - "At first sight".

"Prima Facie" is used to describe a situation or case that, on the face of it, seems obvious or sufficiently established, based on the evidence initially presented. In the legal context, this term is used to refer to sufficient evidence to justify a valid accusation or conclusion before considering additional evidence.

"In dubio pro reo" - "In case of doubt, in favour of the accused".

This expression underlines the fundamental principle that, in cases of doubt as to the guilt of an accused, the accused should be found in favour of the accused. This principle reflects the presumption of innocence and establishes that the burden of proof is on the prosecution to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.

"Res ipsa loquitur" - "The thing speaks for itself".

This expression is used to describe a situation where negligence or liability is evident from the very nature of the incident. It is applied when an accident or damage occurs under circumstances that clearly suggest negligence, without the need for additional evidence, as the facts speak for themselves.

"Stare decisis" - "Stand your ground".

"Stare decisis" is a legal principle that dictates that courts should respect and follow precedents established in previous cases when making similar decisions in current cases. This concept is fundamental to stability and consistency in the legal system, as it provides predictability and uniformity in the interpretation and application of the law.

Res judicata" - "Res judicata".

"Res judicata" refers to the principle that once a dispute has been decided by a competent court, it cannot be re-examined again. This doctrine ensures the finality of judicial decisions and avoids the repetition of cases already adjudicated.

Latin has left an indelible mark on legal language, providing lawyers and judges with a series of terms and expressions that encapsulate fundamental legal concepts. These Latin expressions not only add a touch of tradition and scholarship to the legal field, but also encapsulate essential legal principles that are the basis of a fair and just judicial system.